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Major Israel McCreight
Major Israel McCreight (Oglala Lakota: ''Cante Tanke'' ("Great Heart")(Čhaŋté Tȟáŋka) in Standard Lakota Orthography) (April 22, 1865 – October 13, 1958) is notable in American history as a Progressive Era banker, conservationist and expert on Native American culture and policy. McCreight was a founder of the Pennsylvania Conservation Association, and authored President Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation policy on public education and Cook Forest State Park, the first Pennsylvania State Park acquired to preserve a natural landmark. McCreight dedicated his life to public education about Native American culture and was a nominee for U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs. McCreight’s relationship with the Lakota people began as a young man in the Dakota Territory in 1885 when he lived with them during a period of great sorrow. He returned to Du Bois, Pennsylvania, became a successful banker, and led the region into prominence as the biggest bituminous coal producers in the United States between 1890 and World War I. McCreight collaborated with Flying Hawk, an Oglala Lakota Chief, to write an Native American’s view of U.S. history and classic accounts of the Battle of the Little Big Horn, Crazy Horse and commentaries on Native American philosophy. The Wigwam, McCreight’s home in Du Bois, Pennsylvania, was a Native American heritage center and once the Eastern home of Oglala Lakota "''Oskate Wicasa"'' Wild Westers. McCreight was a founder of the Pennsylvania Banker’s Association and member of the Pennsylvania Society of New York. McCreight was an ardent student of the Indian, a lover of fair play and an author of books and articles.
== Early years ==
Major Israel McCreight was born April 17, 1865, on a farm in Paradise, Winslow Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania and raised with siblings by pioneer parents John Winslow McCreight〔John Winslow McCreight (July 11, 1821 – July 23, 1900) was born and lived at the family farm in Paradise, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, son of Andrew McCreight and Ann Sharp, one of 13 children. The McCreights are Scottish of origin, living in Ireland, coming to America in the 1750s. John Winslow McCreight, known as "Honest John", was a successful farmer and timber merchant. McCreight was elected Justice of the Peace, never adopting a docket or having a trial. Disputes or complaints were adjusted without formal hearing and without fee. McCreight died on July 23, 1900 and is buried a short distance from his birthplace in the McCreight family cemetery. His tombstone is inscribed: "The Law of Truth was in his Mouth." M.I. McCreight, “Autobiography: A 70-Year Old Record of Tchanta Tanka and Squaw, p. 4 (1957).〕 and Eliza Uncapher McCreight.〔See Eliza’s Diary http://manycoups.net/ElizasDiary_page1.html〕 The name “Major” was a nickname given to Israel as a child and he preferred to be called “Maj”, “Maje” or simply “MI.”〔Israel McCreight was named for his mother's brother, Israel Uncapher who was through the Mexican War and also the Civil War; he became a Major in and after the Civil War; and, because of his then title was known as Major Uncapher. Some self-styled clever neighbor thought it bright to call the babe Major, too. It was always a troublesome and distasteful cognomen. But the name stuck through life. Always called Maje McCreight. M.I. McCreight, Biography Sketch of a Family of Noted Pioneers (1953).〕 At age 16, McCreight attended Eastman Business College in Poughkeepsie, New York, to learn accounting and banking. After graduation, he returned to Du Bois, Pennsylvania and entered the banking profession as a night clerk and assistant cashier.〔"Major I. McCreight, 94, Local Pioneer Dies, 'Our First Citizen', Began Conservation Program in Nation, ''Du Bois Courier-Express'', October 13, 1958. Also see M.I. McCreight, Autobiography: A 70-Year Old Record of Tchanta Tanka and Squaw (1957); "Major Israel McCreight, 'Chief Tchanta Tanka'", Du Bois Historical Society, at http://duboishistoricalsociety.com/Frame1.htm and ''Manycoups'' at http://manycoups.net/index.html.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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